豫西北地区瘟疫的时空分布、产生因素及应对方式

The Spatial and Temporal Distribution,Social Impact of Plague and Its Countermeasures in Northwestern Henan

豫西北地理位置特殊,北靠太行山,南临黄河,地域内又有济水、沁河、丹河穿流,地势西、北部为山地丘陵,南部为冲击平原,自古便是兵家必争之地,水灾、旱灾、地质灾害不断,瘟疫伴随而生,死人无算,对社会经济造成极大的影响。清代末期以前,人民只能靠祈求神灵保佑、赐药度过瘟疫期。清光绪三年(1877)以来,瘟疫发生时,官方身影出现,在抗击瘟疫中起到了一定作用。

Northwestern Henan has a special geographical position,with Taihang mountains in the north,the Yellow River near the south.Within this region,Ji River,Qinhe River and Dan River also passed through it.In the west and north is hilly terrain,the south is flood plain,and such area was where war was fought in the ancient times.Floods,droughts,geological disasters often happened,with the plague being born,the dead were beggared calculated,causing great influence to the social economy.Before the end of the Qing Dynasty,people had to rely on the gods to ensure the prognosis and provide medicine to survive the plague.During the three years since the reign of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty,officials appeared and played a certain role in fighting against the plague.