学前儿童入园焦虑的成因及对策建议——基于马斯洛需要层次理论

Causes and Countermeasures of Kindergarten Anxiety in Pre-kindergarten Children——Based on Maslow Requires Hierarchical Theory

学前儿童入园焦虑是一种常见的儿童焦虑现象,入园焦虑对幼儿的健康成长有着重要的影响。本文从马斯洛需要层次理论视角出发,分析学前儿童入园时产生焦虑情绪,实质上是由于幼儿在成长过程中某些需要突然缺失所导致。在此基础上提出有效建议:灵活调整幼儿的作息时间,设计生活化、富有乐趣的游戏活动,增加幼儿与他人互动的机会,积极关注幼儿表现,激励评价幼儿行为。

Pre-kindergarten anxiety is a common child anxiety,kindergarten anxiety has an important impact on the healthy growth of children.From the perspective of Maslow's hierarchical theory of needs,the anxiety of preschool children when entering the kindergarten is in essence that the sudden lack of some needs for children in their growth process leads to anxiety about entering the kindergarten.On this basis,effective suggestions are put forward:flexibly adjust children's work and rest time,design life-oriented and fun game activities,increase the opportunity for children to interact with others,actively pay attention to children's performance,and encourage and evaluate children's behavior.