为家庭而旅行:19世纪美国家庭小说中的旅行叙事研究

Travel for Family-A Study of Travel Narrative in American Domestic Novels in the Nineteenth Century

19世纪的家庭小说由于具有以女性为中心的性别属性及以家庭为中心的空间局限,长期被以男性为主体、以广阔空间移动性和天然的冒险性为基本特征的旅行叙事研究排除在外。实际上,在家庭小说中旅行的移动性与家庭的稳定性并不冲突,相反,旅行恰恰是构建情节的桥梁,女主人公以维系家庭为目的展开对家以外的空间的探索,继而迈入长期被男性占据的旅行空间,展现女性的反抗意识。为家庭而旅行,是家庭小说区别于其他旅行作品的显著特征,家庭的概念贯穿女性旅行的全过程。本文从旅行的起点、过程、终点三个阶段与家庭之间的关系入手,探讨19世纪家庭小说中的旅行与家庭之间的关系。

Domestic novels in the 19th century have long been excluded from the study of travel narrative with men as the main body,broad space mobility and natural adventure because of their female centered gender attribute and family centered space limitations.In fact,in domestic novels,the mobility of travel does not conflict with the stability of the family.On the contrary,travel is just a bridge to build the plot.The heroine explores the space outside the home for the purpose of maintaining the family,and then enters the travel space which occupied by men for a long time to show women's resistance consciousness.Traveling for family is a remarkable feature of domestic novels different from other travel works.The concept of family runs through the whole process of women's travel.This paper discusses the relationship between travel and family in domestic novels in the 19th century.