区域自主创新效率及其影响因素研究--基于3阶段DEA

Research on Regional Independent Innovation Efficiency and Its Influencing Factors:Based on a Three-Stage DEA

为了探究区域自主创新效率,提升国家竞争力以及综合实力,本文根据区域自主创新的特性,将区域自主创新分为研发和转化两个动态阶段,利用3阶段DEA模型,剥离了外部环境因素和随机误差因素的影响,在相同环境下对我国30个区域的自主创新2个阶段的效率水平进行测量,并探讨了其影响因素.研究结果表明:第一,我国区域自主创新效率差别相对较大,存在区域发展不平衡的问题;第二,环境等因素的存在使得研发和转化2个阶段规模效率值被高估,从而导致其相应的综合技术效率被高估,大部分区域的规模报酬处于递增状态,创新规模不足限制了区域自主创新效率的提升;第三,我国区域自主创新效率转化阶段均值略高于研发阶段,研发阶段是提升区域自主创新效率的关键;第四,我国区域自主创新效率主要受到环境因素的影响,具体表现为:政府支持力度增加有助于提升区域自主创新整体效率,劳动者素质提高不利于区域自主创新转化阶段效率的提升,外国直接投资阻碍了区域自主创新整体效率,研究机构投入有助于提升区域自主创新研发阶段效率,相对阻碍了转化阶段效率.最后,本文根据以上研究结论提出了提升区域自主创新效率的政策建议.

In order to explore the efficiency of regional independent innovation,enhance national competitiveness and comprehensive strength,according to the characteristics of regional independent innovation,this paper divides regional independent innovation into two dynamic stages:research and development and transformation.Based on the three-stage DEA model,the influence of external environmental factors and random error factors is stripped off.The efficiency level of 30 regional independent innovation stages in China is measured under the same environment,and the influencing factors are discussed.The results show that:first,the efficiency of regional independent innovation in China is relatively different,there is an imbalance in regional development;second,the existence of environment and other factors makes the scale efficiency value of research and development and transformation stage overestimated,which leads to the overestimation of its corresponding comprehensive technical efficiency,and the scale reward of most regions is increasing.The lack of innovation scale limits the improvement of regional independent innovation efficiency;third,the average value of the transformation stage of regional independent innovation efficiency in China is slightly higher than that of research and development stage,which is the key to improve the efficiency of regional independent innovation;fourth,the efficiency of regional independent innovation in China is mainly affected by environmental factors,as follows:the increase of government support is helpful to improve the overall efficiency of regional independent innovation,the improvement of workers′quality is not conducive to the improvement of efficiency in the stage of regional independent innovation transformation,foreign direct investment hinders the overall efficiency of regional independent innovation,research institution investment helps to improve the efficiency of regional independent innovation research and development stage and hinders the efficiency of transformation stage.Finally,according to the above research conclusions,the policy suggestions to improve the efficiency of regional independent innovation are put forward.