基于MOMS的中国越野跑选手参赛动机研究

Research on the Participation Motivation of Chinese Trail Runners based on MOMS

本文在MOMS的基础上,采用问卷调查法、访谈法和数理统计法,修订越野跑参赛动机量表,并对越野跑选手的参赛动机进行分析。结果显示:①越野跑选手参赛动机包括心理内驱型、自然体验型和健康型3种类型,生命意义、个人目标实现、体验、社交、身体健康、心理健康、控制体重7个动机因子。②我国越野跑选手参赛受生命意义动机和身体健康动机的影响较大,受体验动机、控制体重动机和心理健康动机中等程度影响,受社交动机和个人目标实现动机影响较少。③不同年龄、收入的选手参赛动机有差异。④我国越野跑选手最主要的参赛动机是生命意义动机,外国越野跑选手最主要的动机是个人目标实现动机。历时分析表明,越野跑选手受控制体重动机的影响有所提高。

On the basis of MOMS,this paper uses the methods of questionnaire,interview and mathematical statistics to revise the trail running motivation scale,and analyzes the trail running participants’motivation.The results show that:①the motivation of trail runners includes three types:psychological drive type,natural experience type and health type.There are 7 motivation factors,including life meaning,personal goal achievement,experience,social connecting,physical health,mental health and weight control.②Chinese participants of trail running are greatly influenced by the motivation of life meaning and physical health,moderately affected by the motivation of experience,weight control and psychological coping,and rarely affected by the motivation of social connecting and personal goal achievement.③Participants of different age and income groups have different motivation.④The main motivation of Chinese participants is the motivation of life meaning,and the main motivation of foreign participants is the motivation of personal goal achievement.Diachronic analysis showed that trail runners have increasingly big motivation to control weight.