人工智能时代的人身同一认定研究

Research on Identity Identification in the Era of Artificial Intelligence

在司法证明活动中,人工智能时代的人身同一认定体现出两种发展路径:基于生物特征识别信息的人身同一认定和基于网络行为数据的人身同一认定。新兴技术应用于人身同一认定可能引发三个风险:精准度存在缺陷,算法风险以及个人信息被侵犯的风险。文章认为应从三个方面进行风险应对:一是要通过重视法律专家的经验知识、引入特征价值权重概念、融合应用多种生物特征识别技术等方面提升人身同一认定的准确度;二是要增强算法的可解释性、结合应用技术审查和伦理审查以及规制恶意算法;三是要保障被采集者的知情权、遵循信息采集的比例原则、规范信息的使用流程等方面加强个人信息和数据安全保护。

In judicial proof activities,the identification of person identity in the era of artificial intelligence shows two development paths:one is identification of person identity based on biometric identification information,the other is identification of person identity based on network behavior data.The application of emerging technologies to identity identification may lead to three risks:defects in the accuracy of identity identification,the algorithmic risk and the risk of personal information infringement.We should deal with the risks from three aspects:first,we should attach importance to the experience and knowledge of legal experts,introduce the concept of weight of characteristic value,and integrate multiple biometric identification technologies,so as to improve the accuracy of identity identification;the second is to strengthen the interpretability of the algorithm,combine technical review and ethical review,and regulate malicious algorithms.The third is to strengthen personal information and data security protection from the following three angles:guaranteeing the right to know of the collected,adhering to the proportion principle of information collection,and standardizing the process of using information.