日记体·疯癫形象·“吃人”意象——鲁迅《狂人日记》与安德列耶夫《红笑》之比较

Diary Style,Madman,and“Cannibalism”Imagery:Comparative Research between Lu Xun’s A Madman’s Diary and Andreev’s Red Smile

鲁迅《狂人日记》的创作通常被认为受启发于果戈理的同名小说,事实上,对鲁迅《狂人日记》产生更多影响,且与其最相似的是俄国作家安德列耶夫的小说《红笑》。《狂人日记》和《红笑》在小说形式、人物和意象等方面有着明显的相似点。文章在探究影响关系的基础上,采用平行研究的方法,从“日记体小说形式”“疯癫人物形象”和“‘吃人’意象”三个方面对两篇小说进行比较,进而反映出安德列耶夫和鲁迅在“批判社会”和“为人生”的思想观念上的共鸣。

The creation of Lu Xun’s A Madman’s Diary is usually considered to originate from Gogol’s novel of the same name.In fact,the novel Red Smile by Russian writer Leonid Andreev has more influence on Lu Xun’s A Madman’s Diary,and is most similar to it.A Madman’s Diary and Red Smile have obvious similarities in the aspects of the novel form,characters and images.Therefore,on the basis of the influence relationship,this paper adopts the parallel research method to compare the two novels from three aspects of diary style,madman and“cannibalism”imagery,and then reflects the resonance of Leonid Andreev and Lu Xun in their ideas of“criticizing society”and“for life”.