有氧运动对慢性肾脏病心血管影响的研究进展

Current status of cardiovascular effects of aerobic exercise on chronic kidney disease

心血管疾病(Cardiovasculardisease,CVD)是慢性肾脏病(Chronickidney disease,CKD)患者的常见并发症和重要的死亡原因。对于它的防治,除了药物治疗,健康的生活方式也非常重要。有氧运动在单纯CVD防治中的作用已被大家认可,但其对CKD并发的CVD影响目前研究较少。CKD患者CVD的发生原因复杂,既涉及CKD的原发病因,又与其继发改变有密切联系。本文就有氧运动对CKD并发CVD的危险因素和分子机制的影响进行综述。有氧运动可通过改善CKD患者的脂质代谢、血压、胰岛素抵抗、内皮功能障碍、氧化应激、炎症水平等发挥对CVD的保护作用,提示在未来CKD并发CVD的防治中无论是临床医生和科研工作者还是患者都需要更加重视有氧运动的作用,并对作用分子机制进行深入探索,以期为其防治提供潜在靶点。

Cardiovascular disease(CVD)is a highly common complication and causes a high risk of mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD).In addition to drug treatment,healthy life style interventions are also important in its prevention and treatment.The role of aerobic exercise in the prevention and treatment of CVD alone has been recognized,but there are few studies of effect on CVD complicated by CKD.The causes of CVD in patients with CKD are complex,involving both the primary cause of CKD and its secondary changes.This article reviews the effects ofaerobic exercise on the risk factors and molecular mechanisms of CKD complicated by CVD.Aerobic exercise could play a protective role in CVD by improving lipid metabolism,blood pressure,insulin resistance,endothelial dysfunction,oxidative stress,and inflammation levels in patients with CKD.It suggested that in the future prevention and treatment of CKD complicated CVD clinicians,researchers and patients need to pay more attention to the role of aerobic exercise,and explore the molecular mechanism in depth in order to provide potential targets for its prevention and treatment.