石家庄市非粮油脂植物的油脂测定和综合评价

Determination of Oils and Comprehensive Evaluation of Non-grain Oil Plants in Shijiazhuang

选用采自石家庄地区的卫矛、葎草、苍耳、猪毛蒿、臭椿、地肤、女贞和野花椒8种常见野生植物种籽,利用石油醚和ST-06C型脂肪测定仪进行油脂的提取和测定,并借鉴环境栖息地赋值评价标准,从植物的油脂含量、分布区、用途、栽植推广和成活率综合分析赋值,对包含这8种植物在内的石家庄市区及周边区域70种非粮油脂资源植物进行比较分析。结果表明:(1)8种植物油脂含量分别为卫矛44.05%、葎草16.63%、苍耳22.12%、猪毛蒿24.71%、臭椿35.25%、地肤15.98%、女贞11.92%、野花椒36.58%;(2)石家庄市区及周边区域70种非粮油脂资源植物种籽油脂含量50%左右的高油脂植物有胡桃楸、南蛇藤、山桃、诸葛菜、胡桃、紫苏、白杜和卫矛;(3)最具优先栽培和发展潜力的非粮油脂植物种类有构树、播娘蒿、诸葛菜、山桃、胡桃楸、苘麻和南蛇藤7种。

In this study, the oil content of eight common wild species collected in Shijiazhuang, Euonymus alatus, Humulus scandens, Xanthium strumarium, Artemisia scoparia, Ailanthus altissima, Kochia scoparia, Ligustrum lucidum and Zanthoxylum simulans were extracted and determined by petroleum ether and ST-06C lipid detector. Based on the evaluation criteria of environmental habitat assignment, 70 species of non-grain oil resource from Shijiazhuang and around areas,including the eight species were compared and analyzed by the comprehensive analysis of plant oil content, distribution area,purpose, planting promotion and survival rate. The results show that:(1) the oil content of the eight plants were 44.05%,16.63%, 22.12%, 24.71%, 35.25%, 15.98%, 11.92%, and 36.58%, respectively;(2) the oil content of Juglans mandshurica,Celastrus orbiculatus, Prunus davidiana, Orychophragmus violaceus, Juglans regia, Perilla frutescens, Euonymus maackii and Euonymus alatus were about 50%;(3) The non-grain oil plants with the most priority cultivation and development potential include Broussonetia papyrifera, Descurainia sophia, Orychophragmus violaceus, Prunus davidiana, Juglans mandshurica, Abutilon theophrasti and Celastrus orbiculatus, a total of seven species.