玉米自交系ZOL-1姊妹系的农艺性状分析

Analysis of agronomic characteristics of sister lines of maize inbred line ZOL-1

【目的】玉米姊妹系组配单交种可提高其制种产量,又因制种产量是亲本多个农艺性状共同作用的结果,因此,明确各性状对产量的相对重要性对优良姊妹系的选育具有重要意义。【方法】对玉米自交系ZOL-1姊妹系的15个主要农艺性状与产量的关系进行灰色关联分析、相关分析和通径分析。【结果】灰色关联分析表明,15个性状对产量的影响大小依次为穗行数>穗粗>行粒数>株高>穗长>穗位高>出苗至抽丝天数>棒三叶叶面积>秃尖长=单株叶片数>出苗至散粉天数>百粒重>出籽率>收获期绿叶数>出苗至抽雄天数。相关分析表明,与产量呈极显著正相关的性状为行粒数、穗长、株高、穗粗、穗行数和棒三叶叶面积,呈显著正相关的性状为穗位高和百粒重。通径分析表明,各性状对产量的直接作用大小依次为行粒数>穗行数>百粒重>株高>穗粗>棒三叶叶面积>出苗至抽雄天数>穗长>单株叶片数>出苗至散粉天数>出籽率>出苗至抽丝天数>秃尖长>穗位高>收获期绿叶数。【结论】株高、穗粗、穗行数和行粒数是影响玉米自交系ZOL-1姊妹系产量的主要因素,可作为玉米姊妹系筛选与组配杂交种的参考指标。

【Objective】The single cross of maize sister lines can increase its seed production.Because of seed production is the result of multiple agronomic traits of the parents,it is important to reveal the relative importance of each trait to yield for the selection of suitable sister lines.【Method】The relationship among 15 main agronomic traits and yields of the maize inbred line ZOL-1 sister lines was analyzed by grey correlation analysis,correlation analysis and path analysis.【Result】Grey correlation analysis showed that the order of the influence of 15 traits on yield was rows per ear>ear diameter>kernels per row>plant height>ear length>ear height>days from emergence to silk>three leaves area near ear>bare top length=leaves per plant>days from emergence to pollen>100-kernel weight>shelling percentage>green leaves at harvest>days from emergence to tassel.Correlation analysis showed that the traits that were significantly positively correlated with yield were kernels per row,ear length,plant height,ear diameter,rows per ear,and three leaves area near ear,the traits showing a significant positive correlation were ear height and 100-kernel weight.Path analysis showed that the direct effect of each trait on yield was kernels per row>rows per ear>100-kernel weight>plant height>ear diameter>three leaves area near ear>days from emergence to tassel>ear length>leaves per plant>days from emergence to pollen>shelling percentage>days from emergence to silk>bare top length>ear height>green leaves at harvest.【Conclusion】Plant height,ear diameter,ear row number,and kernels per row were the main factors affecting the yield of the sister lines of the maize inbred line ZOL-1,which could be used as reference indicators for the selection of maize sister lines and hybrid hybrids.