2011—2020年天津市滨海新区农药中毒流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of pesticide poisoning in Binhai New Area of Tianjin from 2011-2020

目的了解2011—2020年天津市滨海新区农药中毒的现状、危害程度、发病规律及其特点,为农药中毒预防控制提供参考依据。方法将职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统中2011—2020年天津市滨海新区农药中毒数据导出,对中毒患者的中毒类型、人群分布、时间分布、地区分布、中毒农药种类等进行描述分析。结果2011—2020年天津市滨海新区共报告农药中毒86例,生产性中毒6例,非生产性中毒80例,年均发病率0.67/10万,无明显变化趋势(P>0.05);死亡6例,年均死亡率0.05/10万,农药中毒发病率和死亡率均未见明显变化趋势(均P>0.05)。生产性和非生产性中毒男女性别比1.15∶1,均为45~<65岁年龄组最高,分别占66.67%和43.75%;农药中毒以第二、三季度病例数居多,均占36.05%;不同年龄组、性别、各季度、区域和农药类别农药中毒和非生产性农药中毒病死率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。中毒报告前3位的街道(乡镇)是茶淀街、汉沽街和杨家泊镇。导致农药中毒种类主要涉及杀虫剂(63.95%)、除草剂(33.72%)和杀菌剂(2.33%)。农药中毒网络直报系统运转基本正常,报告时限基本符合要求,报告质量2013年后得到提高。结论2011—2020年天津市滨海新区农药中毒以非生产性农药中毒为主,高危人群主要集中在涉农街道,应采取综合措施,降低农药中毒的危害,可以通过专项调查和漏报调查提高信息报告的质量。

Objective To understand the current situation,harm degree,incidence regularity and characteristics of pesticide poisoning in Binhai New Area of Tianjin,provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of pesticide poisoning.Methods The data of pesticide poisoning cases in Tianjin Binhai New Area from 2011 to 2020 were derived from the monitoring information system of occupational disease and health hazard factors,and the descriptive analysis was made on the poisoning types,population distribution,temporal distribution,regional distribution and pesticide types.Results From 2011 to 2020,86 cases of pesticide poisoning were reported in Binhai New Area of Tianjin,including 6 cases of productive poisoning and 80 cases of non productive poisoning,the annual incidence rate was 0.67/100 000,and there was no obvious change trend(P>0.05).Six cases died,with an average annual mortality of 0.05/100 000.There was no significant change trend in the incidence and mortality of pesticide poisoning(both P>0.05).The ratio of male to female of productive and non productive poisoning was 1.15 ∶ 1,and the proportions of cases in 45~<65 age group were the highest,which was 66.67% and 43.75% respectively.Most cases of pesticide poisoning occurred in the second and third quarters,both accounting for 36.05%.There were no statistically significant differences the mortality of productive and non productive poisoning among groups in different age,gender,quarter,region and pesticide category(all P>0.05).The top three streets/towns with the poisoning reports were Chadian Street,Hangu Street and Yangjiapo Town.The pesticide caused poisoning mainly included insecticides(63.95%),herbicides(33.72%) and fungicides(2.33%).The network direct reporting system of pesticide poisoning operated normally,the reporting time basically met the requirements,and the reporting quality was improved after 2013.Conclusion The non productive pesticide poisoning is the main cause of pesticide poisoning in Binhai New Area of Tianjin from 2011-2020,the high-risk groups are mainly concentrated in agriculture related streets,and the comprehensive measures should be taken to reduce the harm of pesticide poisoning,while the quality of information report can be improved through special investigation and omission investigation.