工业机器人应用与制造业企业创新绩效--基于研发投入和员工知识能力的中介效应

Industrial Robot Application and Innovation Performance of Manufacturing Enterprises-Based on Mediating Role of R&D Investment and Employees’Knowledge and Ability

工业机器人作为第四次工业革命的代表性技术,推动了制造业企业向自动化、智能化生产转型升级。本文基于资源基础理论与自我决定理论,采用2011—2018年制造业上市公司数据,验证工业机器人应用对企业创新绩效的影响。结果表明:工业机器人应用对企业创新绩效具有正向影响。研发投入强度在机器人应用和企业创新绩效之间起部分中介作用,员工知识能力提升在机器人应用和企业创新绩效之间起遮掩作用。基于此,为提高企业创新能力,政府应发布机器人产业促进政策,积极推进人工智能教育,促进制造业智能化发展;制造业企业应大力实施“机器换人”,加大研发创新力度;企业员工应主动学习新知识、培养新技能,提高竞争力,向知识型、创新型人才转变。

As a representative technology of the fourth industrial revolution,industrial robot has promoted the transformation and upgrading of manufacturing enterprises to automatic and intelligent production.Based on the resource-based theory and self-determination theory,this paper verifies the influence of industrial robot application on enterprise innovation performance by using the data of listed manufacturing companies from 2011 to 2018.The results show that the application of industrial robots has a positive infl uence on enterprise innovation performance.R&D investment intensity plays a partial mediating role between robot application and enterprise innovation performance,and the improvement of employees’knowledge and ability play a masking role between robot application and enterprise innovation performance.Based on this,in order to improve the innovation ability of enterprises,the government should release policies on the promotion of the robot industry,actively promote artificial intelligence education and promote the intelligent development of the manufacturing industry;manufacturing enterprises should vigorously implement“replacement of workers with machines”and strengthen R&D and innovation;enterprise employees should actively learn new knowledge,cultivate new skills,improve competitiveness and change to knowledge-based and innovative talents.