邮轮关键设计因素对破损稳性的影响

Influence of key design factors of cruise ships on damaged stability

[目的]为了达到在船型改动最小的同时满足SOLAS 2020有关客船破损稳性新要求的目的,从大型邮轮的布置优化设计入手,深度挖掘提高破损稳性来达到分舱指数A的思路以及关键设计因素。[方法]以某型大型邮轮为例,通过计算、分析、比较不同设计场景布置方案对分舱指数A的影响,并结合SOLAS公约要求进行分析,找到影响指数A的关键设计因素。[结果]结果显示,通过增计储备浮力,增设横贯浸水装置和A级防火舱壁上的横贯开孔,以及破损安全区和破损水线对相关设计布置的控制等关键设计因素,可以提高该船的指数A。[结论]研究表明,通过精细化的设计优化布置,并在破损稳性计算中予以考虑,可在一定程度上提高邮轮的指数A,从而将邮轮主尺度优化限制到最小范围。

[Objectives]In order to minimize ship type changes and meet the new requirements of SOLAS2020 for the damaged stability of passenger ships,starting with the layout optimization design of large cruise ships,the ideas and key design factors regarding the improvement of attained subdivision index A(hereinafter referred to as index A)in damaged stability are deeply explored.[Methods]Taking a large cruise ship as an example,this paper obtains the key design factors affecting index A through the calculation,analysis and comparison of the influence of different detailed design schemes for index A,as well as the analysis of the SOLAS2020 requirements.[Results]The index A of a ship can be improved by increasing the reserve buoyancy,adding cross-flooding devices and openings on class-A fire resistant bulkheads,and controlling the relevant design layout according to safety zones and flood waterlines.[Conclusions]This study shows that the index A of cruise ships can be improved to a certain extent by considering the refined design and layout optimization in damaged stability calculation,thereby limiting the optimization of the main dimensions of the cruise ship to within the minimum range.