船舶住舱热环境优化设计分析

Optimization analysis of ventilation parameters in crew cabin

[目的]船舶住舱的热舒适性对船员生活与工作有着重要影响,而采用实验研究和传统的数值模拟试算法进行送风参数设计耗时较长,为此,将基于本征正交分解(POD)的逆向设计方法应用于典型住舱的送风参数设计。[方法]选择船舶典型的住舱结构,采用计算流体力学(CFD)方法建立三维数值模型,在获得流场、温度场以及浓度场结果的基础上,结合基于本征正交分解的逆向设计方法,以九人住舱的热舒适性和呼吸区最低污染物浓度作为优化目标进行逆向设计。[结果]结果表明,基于本征正交分解的逆向设计方法可以对多参数、多目标进行逆向优化,相比传统的试算法,其可节约时间90%以上,大幅提高了船舶住舱送风参数的设计效率。[结论]本征正交分解方法是一种高效的船舶住舱设计方法,通过逆向设计,可以得到合适的送风参数设置范围,能够为船舶住舱送风参数的选择提供参考。

[Objective]The thermal comfort of a ship’s cabin has an important influence on the life and work of the crew. However, it takes a long time to design the air supply parameters using experimental research and the traditional numerical simulation trial method. Therefore, an inverse design method based on proper orthogonal decomposition(POD) is applied to the design of air supply parameters in a typical cabin. [Method]In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical model is established using the computational fluid dynamics(CFD)method. After obtaining the results of the flow field, temperature field and concentration field, combined with the inverse design method based on POD, the optimal thermal comfort and minimum pollutant concentration in the breathing zone of a nine-person cabin are taken as the optimization objectives. [Results]The results show that the inverse design method based on POD can be used for the inverse optimization of multiple parameters and objectives. Compared with the traditional algorithm, it can save time by more than 90% and greatly improve the design efficiency of the transmission of cabin air supply parameters. [Conclusions]The POD method can be applied to the design of a ship’s living quarters. The appropriate range of air supply parameters obtained by reverse design can provide references for the selection of the air supply parameters.