总纵弯曲下舰船上层建筑结构强度钢模试验

Steel model test on structural strength of ship superstructure underoverall longitudinal bending

[目的]上层建筑会参与船体总纵弯曲,从而导致特殊部位的结构产生应力集中现象,对舰船结构安全造成威胁,而大尺度钢模试验则能较为真实地反映上层建筑的结构响应特征。[方法]为此,以某舰艏楼上层建筑为研究对象,通过对主船体进行结构等效简化,设计包含整个上层建筑和主船体在内的大尺度舱段缩比钢质模型,并开展中拱弯曲下的结构强度模型试验。[结果]试验结果和有限元计算结果的对比分析表明,在目标舰上层建筑舷侧开口群角隅,以及上层建筑侧壁与主船体连接的圆弧过渡段上,均存在明显的应力集中现象,上层建筑参与总纵弯曲的有效度为0.315。[结论]研究成果可为目标舰上层建筑局部结构加强或优化设计方案的制定提供参考,所建立的船体模型简化设计方法也可为舰船大尺度钢模试验模型的设计提供参考。

[Objectives]The superstructure participates in the overall longitudinal bending of a ship,which leads to stress concentration in certain parts and threatens the safety of the ship’s structure.The large-scale steel model test can truly reflect the structural response characteristics of superstructures.[Methods]This paper studies the structural strength of a certain ship’s superstructure.Through the equivalent simplification of the main hull structure,a large-scale steel model including the superstructure and main body is designed,and structural strength model testing is carried out under hogging moment load.[Results]The test and finite element calculation results show obvious stress concentration phenomena in the corners of the side opening groups of the superstructure and the edges of the round transitions between the sidewall and main deck.The bending efficiency of the superstructure is 0.315.[Conclusions]The results of this study can provide references for the local structural strengthening and optimal superstructure design of target ships.The simplified design method of the ship hull model provided in this paper can also serve as a reference for the design of large-scale ship models.