固废循环材料铁路底砟试验性能研究

Study on the Applicability of Solid Waste Recycling Material as Railway Subballast

有砟轨道至今仍是铁路轨道的主要形式之一,相对于无砟轨道,有砟轨道更节约成本。底砟是铁路碎石道床的重要组成部分,起着传递荷载、排水和防止道砟层与路基层相互渗透等作用。随着我国铁路系统规模的不断扩大,天然岩石资源匮乏,开发新的底砟替换材料对节约石材有着重要意义。而再生混凝土骨料、再生砖渣、钢渣等,被认为是具有良好力学特性的固废循环材料。将这3种材料与普通底砟进行对比,通过密度试验、洛杉矶磨耗试验、直剪试验、单体压碎试验,分析其抗磨耗性能、抗剪切性能及抗压碎性能,得出其作为底砟的可行性分析。试验结果表明,再生混凝土骨料、钢渣的各项力学性能均优于普通底砟,是良好的底砟替换材料;再生砖渣虽然抗磨耗性能略差,但也满足底砟规范要求,可用作低等级线路的底砟。

Ballasted track is still one of the main forms of railway track.Compared with ballastless track,ballasted track is more cost-effective.The subballast is an important part of the railway gravel track bed.It is located between the ballast layer and the subgrade layer.It plays the role of transferring load,draining water and preventing the ballast layer and the subgrade soil from intruding into each other.However,with the rapid development of the railway system and due to the lack of natural rock resources,it is of great significance to find alternative-materials for subballast to save natural rock resources.Recycled concrete aggregate,recycled brick,steel slag,etc.,are considered as solid waste recycling materials with good mechanical properties.This paper compares these three materials with ordinary subballast through density test,Los Angeles abrasion test,direct shear test and crushing test to analyze their abrasion resistance,shear resistance and crush resistance,and to obtain their feasibility as subballast.The test results show that recycled concrete aggregate and steel slag are good alternative materials and better than the common subballast,and the recycled brick,though with less abrasion resistance,can still be used as subballast for low grade railway lines.