文学考古学视野下明清小说物质形象考论——以《红楼梦》大观园为例

On the Material Images in the Novels of the Ming and Qing Dynasties from the Perspective of Literary Archaeology

文学考古学强调对文学文本形象的物质还原,对深入探究文学如何整合虚拟与现实元素具有重要意义。明清时期,随着商品经济发展与时代变化,文人显示出一种恋物情结,这种观念孕育了新的物的书写特色。大观园是《红楼梦》人物活动的基本环境,对其进行文学考古学考察,可以发现大观园形象系统中的园林格局、仪仗与人员设置、建筑形制细节透露出鲜明的清代康乾时期物质文化信息,同时彰显“文以载道”的理想。

Literary archaeology emphasizes the material restoration of literary text images,which is of great significance to further explore how literature integrates and virtualizes the reality elements.In the Ming and Qing dynasties,with the development of commodity economy and the change of times,literati showed a fetish complex,which gave birth to a new writing feature of things.Grand View Garden is the basic environment for the activities of the characters in A Dream of Red Mansions.Through the investigation of literature archaeology,it can be found that the garden pattern,ceremonial devices,personnel arrangement and architectural details in the image system of grand View Garden reveal the material and cultural information of the Kang-Qian Period of Qing Dynasty,and at the same time reveal the ideal of Writings are for conveying truth.