滨柃叶功能性状对环境因子的响应

Response and adaptation of leaf functional traits of Eurya emarginata to environmental factors

植物叶功能性状能反映植物对不同环境的响应及适应策略。以福建省福州市平潭海坛岛、大练岛、大怀屿的滨柃(Eurya emarginata)为研究对象,通过测定滨柃16项叶功能性状及14项环境因子,分析了环境因子对滨柃叶功能性状的影响。结果表明:(1)滨柃叶功能性状变异系数介于2.26%—25.78%,其中叶体积变异程度最大(25.78%),叶含水量变异程度最小(2.26%)。不同海岛滨柃大部分叶功能性状存在显著的差异性(P<0.05),说明滨柃叶片功能性状多样性丰富,其对异化环境表现出较强的适应性;(2)不同海岛的土壤因子指标间差异显著(P<0.05);(3)通过系统聚类可将30份滨柃聚为两类,海坛岛和大练岛为一类,大怀屿为一类,结果与海岛类型和地理分布相吻合;(4)冗余分析表明,滨柃的叶功能性状主要受郁闭度、土壤全钾、土壤有效磷、海拔、速效钾及碱解氮等环境因子的影响。研究结果表明滨柃叶片功能性状可通过一定的性状变异和性状组合,以及与环境因子间的相互作用弥补生境的不足,较好地适应海岛恶劣环境,研究结果有助于理解滨柃对不同海岛生境的响应特征及其在海岛的生态策略,对探究滨柃的资源利用策略、揭示其对环境异质性的适应机制具有重要意义。

Leaf functional traits can reflect the response and adaptation strategies of plants to different environments. Taking Eurya Emarginata from Haitan Island, Dalian Island and Dahuai Island in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province as the research object, the influence of environmental factors on leaf functional traits of Eurya Emarginata were analyzed by measuring 16 leaf functional traits and 14 environmental factors. The results showed that:(1) the coefficient of variation of functional traits in Eurya Emarginata leaves ranged from 2.26% to 25.78%. Among them, the variation degree of leaf volume was the largest(25.78%), and the variation degree of leaf water content was the smallest(2.26%). There were significant differences in most of the leaf functional traits from different islands(P<0.05), which indicated that functional traits in Eurya Emarginata leaves were rich in diversity and showed strong adaptability to the alienated environment;(2) There were significant differences in the soil factors of different islands(P<0.05);(3) By systematic clustering, 30 Eurya Emarginata samples could be clustered into two groups, Haitan Island and Dalian Island were one group, while Dahuai Island was one group. The result was similar to the island type and geographical distribution;(4) The redundancy analysis showed that the functional traits in Eurya Emarginata leaves were mainly affected by crown density, soil total potassium, soil available phosphorus, altitude, soil available potassium and alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen. The Eurya Emarginata adapted to harsh environments by variation and combination of traits, as well as the interaction with environmental factors. The results, which facilitated a better understanding of the adaptations of Eurya Emarginata to the different islands and the ecological strategies in the islands, played a vital role in the nutrient utilization strategies of Eurya Emarginata and revealed the response mechanism of plants to the environmental changes.