不同海拔高原日光照射对正常藏族人群皮肤弹性的影响

Impacts of different altitudes sunlight on skin elasticity of normal Tibetan population

目的观察西藏高原不同海拔日光照射对正常藏族人群皮肤弹性的影响。方法招募102名西藏高原地区健康志愿者,其中30名来自海拔4500~4800 km地区(高海拔组),39名来自海拔3500~3800 km地区(中海拔组),33名来自海拔2500~2900 km地区(低海拔组)。分别以高频超声及剪切波弹性成像(SWE)测量其腹壁、右侧前臂、右侧脸颊及右手中指皮肤厚度、剪切模量及剪切波速度(SWV),比较组间超声参数及组内SWE参数的差异,分析海拔高度与各部位参数值的相关性。结果腹壁、右侧前臂、右侧脸颊及右手中指皮肤剪切模量及SWV均为高海拔组>中海拔组>低海拔组(P均<0.05),右手中指皮肤厚度为高海拔组>中海拔组>低海拔组(P均<0.05),余各部位皮肤厚度总体差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。各组内右手中指剪切模量和SWV均大于腹壁、右侧前臂及右侧脸颊(P均<0.05),余各部位SWE参数差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。腹壁、右侧前臂、右侧脸颊、右手中指皮肤剪切模量和SWV及右手中指皮肤厚度均与海拔高度呈正相关(r_(s)=0.31~0.57,P均<0.01)。结论西藏高原地区海拔越高、相同海拔地区日光暴露时间越长,正常人群皮肤剪切模量和SWV越大,光老化程度越重。

Objective To observe the impacts of sunlight exposure at different altitudes on the skin elasticity of normal Tibetan people.Methods Totally 102 healthy volunteers were recruited from Tibetan Plateau,including 30 volunteers from 4500—4800 km altitude area(high altitude group),39 from 3500—3800 km altitude area(middle altitude group)and 33 from 2500—2900 km altitude area(low altitude group).The skin thicknesses shear modulus and shear wave velocity(SWV)of abdominal wall,right forearm,right cheek and right middle finger were measured with high frequency ultrasound and shear wave elastography(SWE),respectively.The ultrasonic parameters among groups and SWE parameters within groups were compared,and the correlations between altitude and parameters of each part were analyzed.Results The shear modulus and SWV of skin of abdominal wall,right forearm,right cheek and right middle finger were as follows,i.e.high altitude group>medium altitude group>low altitude group(all P<0.05).The skin thicknesses of right middle finger were as follows,i.e.high altitude group>medium altitude group>low altitude group(all P<0.05),while there was no significant difference of skin thicknesses of the other parts(all P>0.05).The shear modulus and SWV of the right hand finger in each group were greater than those of the abdominal wall,the right forearm and the right cheek(all P<0.05),whereas there was no significant difference of SWE parameters of the other parts(all P>0.05).The shear modulus and SWV of abdominal wall,right forearm,right cheek,right middle finger and skin thickness of right middle finger were positively correlated with the altitude(r_(s)=0.31-0.57,all P<0.01).Conclusion When the altitude of Tibet Plateau was higher and the exposure time at the same altitude was longer,the skin shear modulus and SWV of normal population were larger,and the degree of photoaging was more severe.