CAKUT病因及预后研究现状

Etiology and prognosis of CAKUT

先天性肾脏和尿路畸形(congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tracts,CAKUT)是由肾脏及其流出道发育缺陷引起的疾病。肾脏及其流出道在其发育过程中易受多种危险因素的影响,这些危险因素引发各种CAKUT症状。CAKUT的症状轻重不一,其中许多症状可以通过超声进行诊断。近年来遗传学研究发展迅速,而CAKUT患者中已经发现有许多肾脏发育相关基因的突变,这也为早期诊断提供可能性。目前CAKUT的治疗方式正不断改进,患儿的预后逐步改善。本文系统综述了CAKUT的病因以及预后的研究现状。

Congenital anomalies of the kidneys and urinary tracts(CAKUT)are estimated to be caused by defects in the development of kidneys and their outflow tracts.The development of the kidneys and their outflow tracts is susceptible to a variety of risk factors that trigger various CAKUT symptoms.The symptoms vary in severity and many of which can be diagnosed by ultrasound.Since genetic research develops rapidly»genetic studies provide the possibility for early diagnosis.At present,the treatment of CAKUT is improving»so the prognosis of children with CAKUT is improving gradually.This review summaries our current understanding of CAKUT,including the etiology and prognosis.