孕前女性牙周病与口腔菌群的关联研究

Study on association between periodontal disease and oral microbiota in preconceptional women

目的描述孕前女性牙周病与口腔唾液菌群的关联,探索患有牙周病的孕前妇女口腔唾液特征菌群。方法基于复旦大学公共卫生学院孕前队列,选取2016-2019年在上海市嘉定区妇幼保健院孕前体检夫妇中患有牙周病并计划备孕的妇女58例,以及60例牙周健康者作为研究对象,采用16S r DNA测序技术对118份唾液样本进行检测,比较两组口腔唾液菌群的特征和差异菌群。结果两组口腔唾液菌群在群落结构方面差异有统计学意义(F=2.739,P<0.05);与牙周健康者相比,患有牙周病的孕前妇女口腔微生物的丰富度显著更高[646.40(544.57,932.47)vs.777.26(649.64,1018.83),Z=2.740,P<0.05],提示牙周病患者口腔内富集更多微生物。差异菌群分析结果显示,患有牙周病的孕前女性口腔唾液中显著富集了牙周致病菌属如卟啉单胞菌属(Por Phyromonas)、Filifactor菌属和Parvimonas菌属,除此之外,还包括消化链球菌属(Pe Ptostre Ptococcus)、普雷沃菌_7属(Prevotella_7)等;而在健康人群中显著富集伯杰氏菌属(Bergeyella)、弯曲杆菌属(Cam Pylobacter)等(LDA得分>2.000,P<0.05)。结论育龄女性在备孕前应当重视牙周健康,保持良好的口腔环境,建议为备孕女性提供口腔检查,为牙周病患者提供及时的治疗与保健咨询服务。

Objective To describe association between periodontal disease and oral salivary microbiota in preconceptional women,and to explore characteristic oral microbiota among preconceptional women with periodontal diseases.Methods Based on Preconceptional Offspring Trajectory Study Conducted in School of Public Health of Fudan University,58 women with periodontal diseases and 60women with healthy periodontium who received pregestational examination and were preparing for pregnancy from years 2016 to 2019 in Jiading District Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Shanghai were selected as research subjects.118 saliva samples were detected by using 16S rDNA sequencing technology,and characteristics of microbiota and different species in saliva of the preconceptional women between the two groups were compared.Results There was a significant difference in structure of oral salivary microbiota between the periodontal diseases group and the healthy periodontium group(control group)(F=2.739,P<0.05).Compared with the preconceptional women with healthy periodontium,the abundance of oral salivary microbiota of the preconceptional women with periodontal diseases was significantly higher[646.40(544.57,932.47)vs.777.26(649.64,1018.83),Z=2.740,P<0.05],which suggested that more microbiota enriched in the oral cavity of the preconceptional women with peridontal diseases.The results of metagenomic biomarker analysis showed that some microbes were significantly enriched in saliva of the preconceptional women with periodontal diseases,including pathogens causing periodontal diseases such as Porphyromonas,Filifactor and Parvimonas.Besides,Peptostreptococcus and Prevotella_7 were also enriched in saliva of the preconceptional women with periodontal diseases.While those preconceptional women with healthy periodontium were significantly enriched with Bergeyella,Campylobacter and so on(LDA score>2.000,P<0.05).Conclusion These women who are preparing for pregnancy should pay attention to periodontal health,keep healthy oral environment.It is recommended to provide oral examination for these women who are preparing for pregnancy,and timely treatment and health consultation services for those preconceptional women with periodontal diseases.