仰韶文化两则“图画文字”解诂

Illustrating Two Pieces of Pictorial Writing in Yangshao Culture

宝鸡北首岭、汝州阎村先后发现的“苍鹭衔鱼图”和“鹳鱼石斧图”,应是仰韶文化先民分别用苍鹭、鹳、鱼、石斧、“五”字与陶瓶名义和用途的有机联系,来体现其祭祀亡故部落女性首领(或妻子)而创作的图画文字。这两幅图画文字虽然远隔千里,时间相差千年,但却使用类似的“图画”来表达相同观念。由此可见,仰韶文化先民使用图画文字来记载事实的习惯,已渐趋成熟。这对研究仰韶文化先民的宗教信仰、文化艺术以及中国文字的起源和形成过程等问题,都具有重要意义。

Two pieces of pictorial writing has been discovered separately and successively in Beishouling,Baoji,Shanxi Province and in the village of Yan,Ruzhou,Henan Province.One is named CANG LU XIAN YU(a heron with fish held in its mouth),the other GUAN YU SHI FU(a stork,a fish and a stone axe).Such pictorial writings were created by people living in ancient Yangshao involving the symbolic meaning of heron,stork,fish,axe,and the number“5”etc.to show their worship for the dead female tribal leader or the leader′s wife.These two pieces of pictorial writing found are far away from each other both in distance and in time,but embody the same implication with very similar drawings.As is seen from the two pictures,people living in Yangshao at that time has built the habit of recording their life with pictorial writings,which is of great importance for the study of their religious beliefs,culture and arts and the origin and the development of Chinese characters.