血液透析病人动静脉内瘘自我管理现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of self-management status quo and influencing factors of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients

目的:了解维持性血液透析病人动静脉内瘘自我管理现状并分析影响因素,以期为制定针对性护理干预提供参考。方法:对155例血液透析病人采用一般资料调查表、动静脉内瘘自我管理量表、慢性病自我效能感量表、医院焦虑抑郁量表进行调查。结果:血液透析病人动静脉内瘘自我管理能力得分为(55.12±3.46)分;与自我效能呈正相关,与焦虑、抑郁呈负相关(均P<0.01);多元线性回归分析显示,文化程度、家庭人均月收入、有无合并症、内瘘使用年限、自我效能、焦虑、抑郁是动静脉内瘘病人自我管理水平的影响因素(调整后的R^(2)=0.596,P<0.001)。结论:血液透析病人动静脉内瘘自我管理能力处于中等水平,受多种因素的影响,医护人员应针对其影响因素进行个性化的护理干预,提高病人动静脉内瘘自我管理水平。

Objective:To understand the self-management status quo of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients and analyze the influencing factors,so as to provide reference for targeted care interventions.Methods:A total of 155 hemodialysis patients were investigated by using the General Data Questionnaire,Arteriovenous Fistula Self-Management Scale,Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scale,and Hospital Anxiety And Depression Scale.Results:The self-management score of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients was(55.12±3.46);it was positively correlated with self-efficacy,and negatively correlated with anxiety and depression(both P<0.01);multiple linear regression analysis showed that education level,per capita monthly income of family,presence or absence of comorbidities,fistula life,self-efficacy,anxiety,depression were the influencing factors of self-management level of arteriovenous fistula(adjusted R^(2)=0.596,P<0.001).Conclusions:The self-management ability of arteriovenous fistula in hemodialysis patients is at a medium level,which is affected by many factors.Medical staff should carry out personalized nursing intervention according to the influencing factors to improve the self-management level of arteriovenous fistula in patients.