我国国有企业海外投资面临的政策壁垒及应对措施研究

Research on Policy Barriers and Countermeasures for Overseas Investment of Chinese State-Owned Enterprises

近年来,我国对外直接投资规模呈现较快增长趋势,其中国有企业占比近半。国有企业成为高质量共建“一带一路”和实施“走出去”战略的主力军。与此同时,逆全球化思潮抬头,各国纷纷以“国家安全”为由对外资加强审查,我国国有企业在发达国家面临的投资环境越来越复杂,竞争中立问题成为最大的对外直接投资壁垒。新形势下,中美博弈、签订RCEP和征收碳关税等带来的新问题不断涌现,增加了我国国有企业海外投资经营的不确定性,中国要重视这些新动向,理性研判,做好应对。为此,文章从我国国有企业对外直接投资现状出发,解读竞争中立规则,归纳国有企业面临的对外直接投资壁垒及其具体表现,分析新形势对我国国有企业对外直接投资的影响,最后从政府和企业层面提出政策建议。

In recent years,Chinese OFDI scale has shown a rapid growth trend,of which state-owned enterprises account for nearly half.State-owned enterprises have become the main force of high-quality the Belt and Road and the implementation of the“going out”strategy.At the same time,the trend of anti-globalization is rising,and all countries have strengthened the review of foreign investment on the grounds of“national security”.The investment environment facing Chinese state-owned enterprises in developed countries is becoming complicated and volatile,and the issue of competitive neutrality has become the biggest barrier to foreign investment.Under the new circumstances,new problems brought about by Sino-US game,the signing of the RCEP and the collection of carbon tariffs are emerging,increasing the uncertainty in the overseas investment and operation of Chinese stateowned enterprises.China should pay attention to these new trends,rationally study and respond to them.Therefore,the article starts from the current situation of OFDI of Chinese state-owned enterprises,interprets the competitive neutrality rules,summarizes the foreign investment barriers and their specific performance faced by stateowned enterprises,analyzes the impact of the new situation on the outbound investment of Chinese state-owned enterprises,and finally puts forward policy suggestions from the level of the government and enterprises.