基于多级中值的双边滤波算法的地震数据去噪研究

Study of Seismic Data Denoising Based on Multilevel Median Bilateral Filtering Algorithm

地震数据去噪是地震资料处理的核心环节,去噪的质量直接影响后续处理的精度。实际地震数据中含有多种随机噪声,常见的随机噪声有高斯噪声和椒盐噪声,通常需要采用不同的去噪算法分别进行压制,不可避免会造成有效信号的损失。双边滤波算法能够压制高斯噪声,但是对椒盐噪声不敏感,多级中值滤波算法能够压制椒盐噪声,无法去除高斯噪声。文章将多级中值滤波算法代入双边滤波算法核函数,提出一种基于多级中值的双边滤波算法,能够同时去除地震数据中的高斯噪声和椒盐噪声,更好地保留有效信号。

Seismic denoising is a core task of seismic data processing. The quality of denoising directly affects the accuracy of subsequent processing. There are many kinds of random noises in the actual seismic data. The common random noises are Gaussian noise and salt & pepper noise. Different denoising algorithms are usually used to suppress them respectively, which inevitably leads to the loss of effective signal. Bilateral filtering algorithm can suppress Gaussian noise, but it is not sensitive to salt & pepper noise.Multilevel median filtering algorithm can suppress salt & pepper noise but it is not sensitive to Gaussian noise. In this paper, the multilevel median filtering algorithm is substituted into the kernel function of the bilateral filtering algorithm, and a bilateral filtering algorithm based on multilevel median is proposed, which can remove Gaussian noise and salt & pepper noise in seismic data at the same time, and better retain the effective signal.