城乡景观中土壤生态系统微塑料的来源、迁移特征及其风险

Identifying the sources,migration and risks of microplastics in soil ecosystem along urban-rural landscape

土壤微塑料污染的持久性、复杂性及其对土壤生态系统的影响受到越来越广泛的关注,但对其来源、迁移过程等仍有许多问题尚未理清。从复合生态系统的角度,通过对城乡景观中土壤微塑料的来源、迁移过程及其风险等相关研究进展进行了系统梳理,分析了城乡不同景观中土壤微塑料的主要来源和特点,讨论了土壤微塑料在城乡景观中的迁移特征及其驱动力,探讨了土壤微塑料在城乡景观中的生态和健康风险。今后需进一步明确城乡景观中土壤微塑料污染的物质流过程与环境归趋特征,加强微塑料对土壤生态系统的作用过程及生态系统服务影响的研究,揭示土壤微塑料对人类健康的直接或间接影响,建立城乡复合生态系统土壤微塑料污染预测模型,以维护土壤生态安全与人居环境健康。

Microplastics,as an emerging pollutant,have been widely concerned by public and science community because of its persistence,complexity in environment and significant influences on soil ecosystem.Identifying the sources,migration and risks of soil microplastics along urban-rural landscape has becoming an urgent issue.Based on recent published literatures on soil microplastics,this study reviewed the sources,migration characteristics and ecological risks of soil microplastics in urban-rural environment by considering the dynamics of urban-rural complex ecosystem.The main sources and input characteristics of soil microplastics in different landscapes along urban-rural landscape were analyzed.The migration characteristics and driving forces of soil microplastics in urban-rural landscape were demonstrated.Furthermore,effects of soil microplastics on ecological and healthy risks were discussed.This study suggested that the impacts of soil microplastics on terrestrial ecosystem should be clearly explored as a critical issue for current studies and identifying the material flow process and environmental fate of soil microplastics in urban-rural environment can provide effective solutions.The direct and indirect impacts of microplastics on human health in different landscape patterns are widely concerned by public and are also an urgent issue to be explored.Furthermore,modelling on soil microplastics contamination based on its spatial and temporal variability in urban-rural complex ecosystem is another critical issue and should be highlighted for future study.