基于供应链合作的技术创新投入激励机制研究

Incentive Mechanism for Technology Innovation Investment Basedon Supply Chain Cooperation

技术创新成果的外溢性削弱了创新投入动机,供应链上下游企业合作是提升供应链创新投入水平的有效途径。为了研究不同激励机制对技术创新投入的影响,本文建立了三级供应链模型,制造商从供应商处采购原材料,生产创新产品并通过零售商分销,产品价格和创新投入水平共同决定市场需求。通过对比集中、分散、激励机制三种不同的决策结构,分析了激励机制的效率和性质,研究发现:集中决策结构有利于供应链整体经济效益,但不利于整体创新投入;相比分散决策结构,存在激励的决策结构带来了更高的整体经济效益和创新投入水平,但仅在某些市场条件下对于个体具有可行性;在此基础上,提出了管理启示。

The spillover of technology innovation in supply chain of ten reduces the investment motivation,which can be solved by the cooperation of upstream and downstream enterprises.In a three-tier supply chain,manufacturers purchase raw materials from suppliers,produce innovation products and distribute them through retailers.Product price andinnovation investment level jointly determine market demand.The efficiency and nature of incentive mechanism are studied by comparing different decision-making structures:centralization,decentralization and incentive mechanism.The results show that the centralized decision-making structure is beneficial to the whole supply chain but the investment level.Compared to the decentralized structure,the decision-making structure with incentives can bring higher profit and investment,but it is only feasible for individual enterprises in market conditions.On this basis,management implications are discussed.