绿色冶金创新发展战略研究

Innovative Development Strategy of Green Metallurgy

冶金工业是国民经济与国防建设的重要基础原材料产业,冶金工业发展水平代表着国家工业化发展水平;绿色冶金能够创新产业可持续发展模式,突破资源、能源、环境的多重制约因素,是我国冶金工业今后发展的必经之路。结合“碳达峰、碳中和”“国内国际双循环”“供给侧结构性改革”等时代背景,本文全面分析了国内外钢铁与有色金属的资源、能源现状及其发展态势,综合评述了冶金工业技术发展现状,从资源、能源、环境多维度审视绿色冶金创新发展形势,进而凝练面临的重大问题;在绿色冶金创新发展态势预测与潜力分析的基础上,研判了绿色冶金创新发展的重大战略需求。研究建议:强化冶金强国战略地位,超前布局无废冶金颠覆性技术,部署资源能源替代与减污降碳冶金重大创新工程,实施绿色冶金政策与标准以引领产业发展,构建冶金创新人才保障体系与科普平台。

As a basic raw material industry, metallurgical industry is crucial for national economy and defense construction. Its development level reflects the industrialization process of a country. The metallurgical industry currently faces multiple constraints in terms of resource, energy, and environment. To address these constraints, green metallurgy is the only way and can create a sustainable development mode for future development of the metallurgical industry in China. Considering the background of carbon peak and carbon neutrality, domestic and international dual circulation, as well as supply-side structural reforms, we analyze the current status and development trend of steel and nonferrous metals in China and abroad, and review the development status of metallurgical technologies. Moreover, we examine the innovative development of green metallurgy from the perspective of resource, energy, and environment, and summarize several major problems. Based on the prediction and potential analysis, we present the major strategic demand for green metallurgy and propose the following countermeasures: enhancing the strategic position of the metallurgical industry,developing disruptive technologies for waste-free metallurgy, deploying major innovation projects regarding resource and energy substitution as well as control of environmental pollution and carbon emission, implementing green metallurgy policy and standards,and creating an innovative talent training system and science popularization platforms.