茶树品种抗寒性试验

Investigation on extreme low temperature freezing injury of different tea varieties during overwintering

江苏位于茶树种植的北缘地区,茶树易受冻害。随着无性系茶树良种的不断推广,筛选抗寒性强、适宜江苏种植的茶树新品种,对茶树新品种推广具有重要意义。本演技利用极端低温气象条件,对引进和江苏自选的31个品种的幼龄茶树进行冻害调查试验,结合冻害指数的系统聚类分析,评估不同品种幼龄茶树的抗寒能力。试验结果表明,正常叶色的幼龄茶树除‘川茶2号’外基本为轻中度冻害,其中‘多抗香’、‘锡茶5号’、‘龙井43’、‘龙井长叶’、‘迎霜’、‘舒茶早’等品种幼龄茶树抗寒性强。叶色变异茶树品种间抗寒性存在差异,白色叶幼龄茶树为轻度冻害,黄化叶和紫化叶茶树多为中重度冻害,其中‘中白1号’、‘白叶1号’、‘中白4号’、‘中黄2号’抗寒性强,‘中黄1号’、‘御金香’、‘郁金香’抗寒性较强。

Tea in Jiangsu province are susceptible to frost injury because Jiangsu Province is located on the northern edge of the tea plantating suitable area.As clonal tea cultivars are continuously innovated and popularized,screening suitable tea cultivars with cold resistance in a this region will be of significance for tea industry in Jiangsu Province.The frost injury degree of 31 introduced and locally selected tea cultivars was investigated under extreme low temperature conditions.The cold resistance of young tea plants from various tea cultivars were evaluated by Hierarchical cluster analysis on data of frost injury index.The ressults showed that the young tea plants with normal green leaf color,except‘Chuancha No.2’,had light and moderate frost injury,among which‘Duo Kangxiang’,‘Xicha No.5’,‘Longjing 43’,‘Longjing Changye’,‘Yingshuang’and‘Shucha Zao’had strong cold resistance.There were differences in cold resistance between tea cultivars with leaf color variation.The young tea plants with white-leaf basically suffered from mild cold injury,while those with yellow-leaf and purple-leaf tea plants suffered from moderate or severe cold injury,among which‘Zhongbai No.1’,‘Baiye No.1’,‘Zhongbai No.4’and‘Zhonghuang No.2’had strong cold resistance,while those of‘Zhonghuang No.1’,‘YuJin Xiang’and‘YuJin Xiang’had medium strong cold resistance.