互助助人VS助人自助:中国社会工作本土化理念的新阐释

Help Others by Mutual Assistance VS.Help Others to Self-Reliance:A New Interpretation of the Localization of Social Work in China

助人自助理念舶来我国已有一段历史,但它在中国社会工作实践场域中表现出扎根难、文化隔阂等困境。在中国社会工作实践经验的基础上提出互助助人的理念和方法,矫正和补充源于西方文化社会情境且受个人主义和行为主义心理学影响的助人自助理念,以此守正创新。互助助人理念作为一种替代性路径,能够聚焦于中国文化环境中的人与人、人与社会之间的互助关系,通过重塑社会工作的意义、关系和行动结构来推动中国社会工作的可持续发展。

The concept of helping others to self-reliance has entered into Chinese society for a long time,but it is hard to take root in the practice of Chinese social work for cultural barriers.Based on the practical experience of social work in China,this article puts forward the idea and method of helping others by mutual assistance.In addition,it corrects and supplements the idea of helping people to help themselves originated from the western cultural and social situation and individualism as well as influenced by the behavioristic psychology to achieve the new era of innovation.As an alternative approach,helping people by mutual assistance can focus on the reciprocal assistance between people,and between people and society in Chinese culture,which reshapes the meaning,relationship and action structure of social work to promote the sustainable development of Chinese social work.