H反射和功能磁共振成像分析膀胱充盈及控尿机制的神经功能学研究进展

Advances in neurofunctional studies of bladder filling and urinary control mechanisms by H-reflex and functional magnetic resonance imaging

膀胱作为泌尿系统的主要器官之一,具有储尿和排尿两大重要功能。调控这两大功能的神经传导通路非常复杂,涉及到大脑、脊髓和外周神经系统等多个层次,并由多种神经递质共同介导。在过去的20年里,电生理学技术和功能磁共振成像技术逐渐成为神经功能学领域内研究人类病理或生理状态的有力手段,利用这两项技术来记录和分析膀胱储尿排尿行为的大脑调控机制是可行的,两者可以帮助我们更好地理解控尿相关的神经通路和大脑区域的活动与特定功能之间的关系。本文就电生理学技术和功能磁共振成像技术方面,对膀胱及原位新膀胱的充盈和储尿控尿机制的神经功能学研究进展作一综述。

Bladder, as one of the main organs of the urinary system, has two important functions: urine storage and urination. The nerve conduction pathway that regulate these two functions is very complex, involving multiple levels such as brain, spinal cord and peripheral nervous system, and is jointly mediated by a variety of neurotransmitters. Over the past two decades, electrophysiological techniques and functional magnetic resonance imaging technique have emerged as powerful tools in the field of neurofunctional studies of human pathological or physiological states. It is feasible to use these two techniques to record and analyse the brain-regulated mechanisms of bladder storage and voiding behaviour, both can help us better understand the relationship between the activity of neural pathways and brain regions involved in urinary control and specific functions. We review the advances in the neurofunctional studies of bladder filling and the mechanism of urine storage and control in situ new bladder from the aspects of electrophysiology and functional magnetic resonance imaging.