中学生辍学倾向的概念、量表编制及现状分析

The Concept, Scale Development and Current Situation of Middle School Students’ Dropout Tendency

辍学倾向是学生对辍学的认同和行为趋向,是辍学行为实施前的心理准备状态。自编由辍学认同和辍学意向两个维度构成的辍学倾向量表,用该量表对1367名中学生进行信度效度检验及发展现状分析。结果发现:(1)辍学倾向量表具有良好的信度和效度,且在不同学段中学生之间具有截距等值性;(2)辍学认同与辍学意向存在较低水平的正相关;(3)中学生辍学倾向的总体水平较低,高中生和中职生的辍学倾向高于初中生,农村中学生的辍学倾向高于城市中学生。

Tendency of dropping out is students’ acceptance and behavior tendency of dropout, a kind of psychological preparedness for occurrence of dropout behavior. This paper established a Tendency of Dropping out Scale(TDS) which was composited of two subscales of dropout acceptance and dropout intention, and then validated its reliability and validity and analyzed the developmental status of dropout tendency in a sample of 1367 middle school students recruited from Guangxi. The results showed that:(1) the TDS obtained reasonable reliability and validity, and scalar invariance of TDS was found among students of three educational stages(junior middle, senior middle, and secondary vocational schools);(2) dropout acceptance positively correlated with dropout intention at a low level;(3) on the whole, the dropout tendency of middle school students was at a low level;both of senior middle school and secondary vocational school students scored higher dropout tendency than that of junior middle school students, and dropout tendency of rural students was significantly higher than that of urban students.