基于SOLO分类理论的高考数学试题研究

Research on National College Entrance Examination Maths Tests Based on SOLO Classification Theory

文章以SOLO分类理论为基础,对2016—2020年全国III卷以及2021年全国甲卷理科数学试题进行试题思维层次分析,参考《普通高中数学课程标准(2017年版)》对试题内容和领域进行分值统计,探查试题命制的特点和规律.研究结果表明,2016—2020年全国III卷以及2021年全国甲卷理科数学试题思维层次在单点结构、多点结构、关联结构和抽象拓展结构均有所体现.其中,多点结构试题所占分值最高,关联结构次之;试题内容涉及预备知识、函数、几何与代数和概率与统计四个主题,可见试题的命制重视对学生知识的基础性、综合性以及全面性的考查.为进一步优化课堂教学,促进学生思维层次的发展,提出具体的教学建议,以期为高中数学教学提供相应的参考.

Based on the SOLO classification theory,this paper conducts the question thinking hierarchy analysis for the 2016 ~ 2020 national paper III and 2021 national paper A of science mathematics,and makes score statistics for the content and field of the exam with reference to the General High School Mathematics Curriculum Standards(2017 Edition),so as to explore the characteristics and rules of the question ordering system. The results show that the thinking level of the national paper III from 2016 to 2020 and the national paper A from 2021 is reflected in the single point structure,multi-point structure,relational structure and abstract extended structure,among which the multi-point structure has the highest score,followed by the relational structure. The content of the test involves four topics:preliminary knowledge,function,geometry and algebra and probability and statistics. It can be seen that the formulation of the test attaches great importance to the basic,comprehensive and comprehensive investigation of the students knowledge. In order to further optimize classroom teaching and promote the development of students’ thinking level,specific teaching suggestions are put forward in order to provide corresponding reference for senior high school mathematics teachers.