地铁深基坑施工安全评估FDEMATEL-TOPSIS模型及应用

FDEMATEL-TOPSIS Model and Its Application for Safety Assessment of Deep Foundation Pit Construction of Subway

基坑施工过程中风险因素众多且相互关联,现有研究中缺乏对模糊环境下风险因素间相互关系的考虑,导致风险因素权重的计算结果不够合理。为此提出一种基于模糊决策与试验评价实验室(fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,FDEMATEL)与优劣解距离法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution,TOPSIS)的风险评估模型。采用决策与试验评价实验室(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)软件分析各风险因素间的相关性,结合模糊数学理论处理评估过程中的模糊性,并确定它们的权重。基于TOPSIS理论对各风险因素进行重要度排序,确定施工过程中最为关键的风险因素。将权重结果与各风险因素的贴近度结合得到基坑整体风险等级。以济南轨道交通R2线烈士陵园站为实例进行分析,结果可得本基坑施工过程中最为关键的风险因素为突涌水,施工风险等级为Ⅱ级。结果与实际情况相符,验证了该方法的有效性。

There are many risk factors in the process of foundation pit construction and they are related to each other.Existing research lacks consideration of the relationship between risk factors in a fuzzy environment,which leads to unreasonable calculation results of risk factor weight.To this end,a risk assessment model based on the fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(FDEMATEL)and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)was proposed.The decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory(DEMATEL)was used to analyze the correlation between various risk factors,combined with fuzzy mathematics theory to deal with the ambiguities in the evaluation process,and to determine their weights.Based on the TOPSIS theory,the importance of each risk factor was sorted,and the most critical risk factor in the construction process was determined.The weight result was combined with the closeness of each risk factor to obtain the overall risk level of the foundation pit.Taking Ji'nan Rail Transit R2 Line Martyrs’Park Station as an example for analysis,the results show that the most critical risk factor in the construction of this foundation pit is water inrush,and the construction risk level is level II.The results are consistent with the actual situation,verifying the effectiveness of the method.