不同时机追加反馈对老年脑卒中患者运动学习的影响

Effects of Additional Feedback at Different Time on Motor Learning in Elderly Stroke Patients

目的探讨不同时机追加反馈对老年脑卒中患者运动学习的影响。方法选取2020年6—12月在首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院康复医学科就诊的脑卒中患者40例,按随机数字表法分为追加反馈延迟间隔0 s组、追加反馈延迟间隔2 s组、追加反馈延迟间隔4 s组和追加反馈延迟间隔6 s组(以下简称0 s组、2 s组、4 s组和6 s组),每组10例。记录各组追加反馈后即刻、1 d、1周实际握力与目标握力差值的绝对值。结果不同时机追加反馈与时间在实际握力与目标握力差值的绝对值上不存在交互作用(P>0.05);不同时机追加反馈、时间在实际握力与目标握力差值的绝对值上主效应显著(P<0.05)。2 s组、4 s组、6 s组追加反馈后即刻、1 d、1周实际握力与目标握力差值的绝对值低于0 s组(P<0.05);0 s组、2 s组、4 s组、6 s组追加反馈后1周实际握力与目标握力差值的绝对值分别高于本组追加反馈后即刻、1 d(P<0.05)。结论老年脑卒中患者进行简单运动学习任务时,延迟追加反馈对运动学习效果优于即刻追加反馈。

Objective To explore the effects of additional feedback at different time on motor learning in elderly stroke patients.Methods A total of 40 elderly stroke patients who were admitted in Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University were selected and divided into additional feedback delay interval of 0 s group,additional feedback delay interval of 2 s group,additional feedback delay interval of 4 s group and additional feedback delay interval of 6 s group(hereinafter referred to as 0 s group,2 s group,4 s group and 6 s group)by random number table method.Each group had 10 patients.The learning effect of each group was compared by calculating the absolute value of the difference between the actual grip strength and the target grip strength immediately,1 d and 1 week after additional feedback of the four groups were recorded.Results There was no interaction between additional feedback at different time and time on the absolute value of the difference between the actual grip strength and the target grip strength(P>0.05).Additional feedback at different time and time had significant main effects on the absolute value of the difference between the actual grip strength and the target grip strength(P<0.05).The absolute value of the difference between the actual grip strength and the target grip strength immediately,1 day and 1 week after additional feedback in the 2 s group,4 s group,and 6 s group were lower than those in the 0 s group(P<0.05).The absolute value of the difference between the actual grip strength and the target grip strength 1 week after additional feedback in the 0 s group,2 s group,4 s group,and 6 s group was higher than that immediately and 1 day after additional feedback,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion When elderly stroke patients perform simple motor learning tasks,delayed additional feedback has better effect than immediate additional feedback on motor learning.