弹簧-阻尼减振支座性能试验研究

Experimental study on properties of spring-damping anti-vibration bearings

设计制作了一种由圆柱螺旋弹簧与筒式黏滞阻尼器组合而成的弹簧-阻尼减振支座用于竖向减振,对其进行了频率相关性、位移幅值相关性以及反复加载相关性试验,测得了不同工况下的阻尼耗能、等效刚度、等效黏滞系数和损耗因子,研究了轴承力学性能对位移幅值和加载频率的影响。采用Kelvin模型对弹簧-阻尼减振支座的迟滞回线进行了计算和拟合,将拟合结果和试验结果进行对比分析。研究表明:弹簧-阻尼减振支座迟滞回线饱满、力学性能稳定,具有较强的耗能性能;加载频率对支座等效刚度与等效黏滞系数的影响显著,位移幅值对支座阻尼耗能和损耗因子的影响较大,加载圈数的增加对支座力学性能影响较小。Kelvin模型可以有效模拟弹簧-阻尼减振支座的性能。

Spring-damping anti-vibration bearings which combine cylindrical helical springs with cylinder-type viscous damper were designed and fabricated for vertical vibration,and the frequency dependence,displacement amplitude dependence and cyclic loading dependence tests were carried out.The damping dissipation energy,equivalent stiffness,equivalent viscosity coefficient and loss factor were measured under different loading schemes to study the regularity of the spring-damping anti-vibration bearings.The influence of the mechanical properties of the bearings on displacement amplitudes and loading frequency were studied.The hysteretic curves of the spring-damping anti-vibration bearing were calculated and fitted with Kelvin model.The fitting results were compared with the experimental results.The results show that spring-damping anti-vibration bearings exhibit full hysteresis loops and stable mechanical properties,the energy dissipation capacity is good.The influence of loading frequency on equivalent stiffness and equivalent viscosity coefficient is obvious.The displacement amplitude has a significant influence on damping energy dissipation and loss factor of the bearing,the excitation frequency has a slight impact on these mechanical properties.The properties of the spring-damping anti-vibration bearings can be simulated effectively by Kelvin model.