西安城市主干道黑碳排放特征及源解析

Characteristics and source analysis of black carbon emissions from main roads in Xi'an

本文以西安不同功能区黑碳浓度为研究对象,探讨西安市城市道路交通碳排放的问题。通过AE-51型微型黑碳仪对长乐东路黑碳质量浓度进行质量检测,揭示西安市典型道路黑碳排放特征及源解析。结果表明,黑碳每日浓度在早高峰为3.70~7.57μg·m^(-3)及晚高峰为2.89~7.00μg·m^(-3),明显大于非高峰期(2.03~5.86μg·m^(-3)),且工作日浓度(4.38~10.82μg·m^(-3))高于休息日浓度(3.28~8.58μg·m^(-3));西安市不同年份下,大气中黑碳浓度有较大变化,大致呈现出逐年下降的变化规律,最高浓度出现在2003年(16μg·m^(-3));最低浓度发生在2019年(3.66μg·m^(-3));与其他城市相较,西安黑碳浓度属于中等水平,黑碳排放浓度受车流量、森林覆盖率、人均生产总值等社会指标影响。可见,合理规划和适当限制机动车使用频率是缓解城市空气污染的有效途径。

This paper takes the black carbon concentration in different functional areas of Xi'an as the research object to discuss the issue of carbon emissions from urban road traffic in Xi'an.Through the AE-51 mini black carbon meter,the quality of the black carbon concentration on Changle East Road was tested,revealing the characteristics and source analysis of black carbon emission from typical roads in Xi'an.The results showed that the daily concentration of black carbon in the morning peak(3.70~7.57μg·m^(-3))and evening peak(2.89~7.00μg·m^(-3))is significantly greater than the off-peak period(2.03~5.86μg·m^(-3)),and the working day concentration(4.38~10.82μg·m^(-3))is higher than the concentration on rest days(3.28~8.58μg·m^(-3));the concentration of black carbon in the atmosphere in Xi'an has changed a lot in different years,roughly showing a declining change law,the highest concentration appeared in 2003(16μg·m^(-3));the lowest concentration occurred in 2019(3.66μg·m^(-3));compared with other cities,the concentration of black carbon in Xi'an is at a medium level,and the concentration of black carbon emissions is affected by traffic flow,forest coverage,per capita GDP,etc.It can be seen that reasonable planning and appropriate restrictions on the frequency of motor vehicle use are effective ways to alleviate urban air pollution.