1961—2020年大别山区农业气候资源变化特征分析

Variation Characteristics of Agricultural Climatic Resources in Area of Dabie Mountains in China from 1961 to 2020

为了解气候变暖背景下大别山区农业气候资源变化特点,基于大别山区35个气象观测站1961—2020年逐日气象资料,采用气候倾向率、Mann-Kendall突变检验等方法,分析大别山区作物温度生长期、热量、降水和光照等气候资源的时空变化特征。结果表明,1961—2020年大别山区作物温度生长期、≥10℃积温呈极显著增加趋势(P<0.01),增幅分别为5.1 d/10 a、70.7(℃·d)/10 a;年降水日数和日照时数呈极显著减少趋势(P<0.01),减幅分别为2.4 d/10 a、67.0 h/10 a;年均相对湿度呈显著减少趋势(P<0.05),减幅为0.4%/10 a;年降水量和干燥度指数变化趋势不明显。空间分布上,作物温度生长期、≥10℃积温、降水量和降水日数由北向南逐渐增加,干燥度由北向南逐渐减少,相对湿度和日照时数空间差异不明显。

In order to further understand the variation characteristics of agricultural climatic resources in the area of Dabie Mountains in China under the background of climate warming,this paper analyzed the temporal and spatial characteristics of temperature growth period for crops,heat,precipitation,light and other climate resources in the Area of Dabie Mountains,based on the daily meteorological data at 35meteorological stations in the Area of Dabie Mountains from 1961 to 2020,using the methods of climate tendency rate and Mann-Kendall mutation test.The results showed that from 1961 to 2020,the temperature growth period for crops and accumulated temperature above 10℃showed an extremely significant increasing trend(P<0.01),with an increase of 5.1 d/10 a and 70.7(℃·d)/10 a respectively;the annual precipitation days and sunshine hours showed an extremely significant decreasing trend(P<0.01),with a decrease of 2.4 d/10 a and 67.0 h/10 a respectively;the annual average relative humidity showed a significant decreasing trend(P<0.05),with a decrease of 0.4%/10 a.The trend of annual precipitation and dryness index was not obvious.In terms of spatial distribution,the temperature growth period for crops,accumulated temperature above 10℃,precipitation and precipitation days increased gradually from north to south,while the dryness decreased gradually from north to south,and the spatial differences of relative humidity and sunshine hours were not obvious.