不法依附型行政犯及其前置法范围界定

Illegal Dependent Administrative Crime and the Definition of Its Pre-Law Scope

不法依附型行政犯属于行政犯的一种特殊类别,其在构成要件中明确要求以违反特定行政规范的内容为犯罪成立条件,行政不法在犯罪认定过程中起到了限定犯罪行为类型的作用。不法依附型行政犯具有规范内涵的相对独立性,即在违法行为范畴上具有从属性,在违法判断标准上具有独立性。同时,不法依附型行政犯在规范外观上具有空白性,但又不完全等同于空白罪状。鉴于不法依附性要素的多样性以及前置法规定的模糊性等因素,应提倡前置性法律规范群的理念,即在特殊情况下有限度地承认部门规章以及其他规范性文件的前置法资格。

Illegal dependent administrative crime belongs to a special category of administrative crime, which clearly requires that the content violating specific administrative norms be the condition for the establishment of crime. Administrative illegality plays a role in limiting the types of criminal acts in the process of crime identification. Illegal dependent administrative crime has the relative independence of normative connotation, that is, it has the subordinate attribute in the category of illegal act and the independence in the judgment standard of illegal act. In view of the diversity of illegal dependent elements and the fuzziness of pre-law provisions, we should advocate the concept of pre-law norm group, that is, to recognize the pre-law qualification of departmental regulations and other normative documents to a limited extent under special circumstances.