文艺学理论的改造与重塑

Transformation and Reshaping of Study of Literature and Art’s Theory

21世纪文学理论重新兴起,但它不是重拾18世纪确立的、19世纪占据主导地位的美学所奠基的文学艺术原则,而是要建构一种能够反映当代文学艺术发展诉求的文学理论,这就面临着文学理论改造的历史使命。文学理论的改造要破除理论的绝对性,建构相对性,实现由“文学价值”的语义阐释转换为“文学价值的判断”;借鉴微观政治学和法国年鉴学派的学术成果,实现大理论与小理论并存互补的态势;在文学理论概念的塑形与重组上,要破除单一性、精确性和恒定性,注重概念的历史性、反思性和生成性,回应社会现实和理论现实涌现出的新问题。

The resurgence of literary theory in the 21 st century is not to regain the literary and artistic principles established in the 18 th century and laid by the dominant aesthetics in the 19 th century,but to build a literary theory that can reflect the development demands of contemporary literature and art.So it will face the historical mission of literary theory transformation.The transformation of literary theory should break the absoluteness and construction relativity of the theory,and realize the transformation from the semantic interpretation of“literary value”to“judgment of literary value”;draw on the academic achievements of micro-politics and French Annales School to realize the coexistence and complementarity of great and minor theories;it is necessary to break down singleness,accuracy and constancy in shaping and reorganization of literary theory concepts.We should pay attention to the historical,reflective and generative nature of concepts,and respond to new problems emerging from social and theoretical realities.