乱世之盗:民国时期北方地区的盗墓活动与社会治理(1912-1937)

Grave Robbers in Troubled Times:Tomb-raiding Activities and Social Management in Northern China during the Period of the Republic of China(1912-1937)

民国时期,因国贫民穷和西方殖民势力的侵略,加之北方特殊的墓葬形式和独特的墓葬文化,使得这一地区盗墓之风愈演愈烈,对当时的社会风气产生了不良影响。在民间社会舆论的呼吁下,国民政府先后颁布了一系列政策和法令限制并打击盗墓行为,取得了一定成效。但是随着社会动荡加剧,政府当局并没有从根本上解决这一问题,从而使盗墓成为社会治安中难以解决的顽疾。在今天看来,维护社会稳定,不断完善相关法律,加强对文物的保护,加大对盗墓的执法力度等,是解决盗墓问题的关键。

During the period of the Republic of China,because of the poverty of the country and people,the invasion of foreign countries,coupled with the special form and unique culture of grave in the north,the trend of tomb raider became increasingly fierce,which had a bad impact on the social atmosphere at that time.Under the appeal of the public opinion of civil society,the national government has issued various policies and decrees to restrict and crack down on tomb robberies,and achieved certain results.However,as the aggravation of social unrest in this period,the problem has not been fundamentally solved,which makes grave robbing become a stubborn disease in social security.In today's view,the key to solve the problem of grave robbery is to maintain social stability,constantly improve relevant laws,strengthen the protection of cultural relics,and strengthen the law enforcement of grave robbing.