非农就业与农业外包服务行为——对“替代效应”与“收入效应”的再考察

Non-agricultural Employment and Agricultural Production Service Adoption——A Re-examination of Substitution Effect and Income Effect

本文使用新迁移经济学框架来追踪劳动力非农就业对农业外包服务的影响,并依托心理账户理论,分析劳动力减少与收入增加对农户购买外包服务的不同影响。结合文献与理论分析发现:“替代效应”与“收入效应”是劳动力非农就业影响农户生产投入的不同渠道。对“替代效应”的检验表明,务工人员增加对农业外包服务的购买有正向影响;对“收入效应”的检验表明,考虑内生性以及多样性偏差以后,对于有经济回报的家庭,非农就业人员数量对固定资产的投入、农业外包服务购买都有正向影响;对于无经济回报的家庭,非农就业人员数量仅对农业外包服务购买有正向影响。研究建议拓宽留守人员的转移性收入渠道,以及加大对农业生产服务行业发展的支持。

This article uses the framework of new immigration economics to track the complex impact of non-agricultural employment on agricultural production services and agricultural machinery investment, and relies on the content of mental account theory to analyze the different impacts of labor reduction and income increase on rural household investment.Combining literature and theoretical analysis, it is found that the “substitution effect” and “income effect” are different channels through which laborers go out for work to affect the production methods of farmers.The test of the “substitution effect” shows that the increase of non-agricultural workers has a positive impact on the employment of agricultural production services.The analysis of the “income effect” found that, after considering the endogeneity and diversity deviation, for families with payback from non-agricultural workers, the number of non-agricultural workers has a positive effect on both fixed assets storage and service adoption.For families with no payback from non-agricultural workers, the number of non-agricultural workers only has a positive effect on the use of production services.The study suggests that the government should pay more attention to the transfer property income of left-behind personnel, support the development of the agricultural production service industry.