多元政绩竞赛:中国地方官员晋升的新解释

Pluralistic Political Achievements Competition:A New Explanation for Promotion of Chinese Local Cadres

随着中国特色社会主义进入新时代,中国的干部选拔标准和地方官员的行为逻辑也发生了深刻的变化。基于注意力分配的视角,从“创造政绩的约束条件”以及“创造政绩的理性选择”两个维度出发,可以进一步认识到中国地方官员间的晋升竞赛的本质是地方官员在有限注意力前提下针对不同行政任务的注意力分配基础上的多元政绩竞争。对中国地方官员多任务竞逐的经验加以考察并进行类型学建构,可以发现地方官员面临着运动性任务、竞逐性任务、日常性任务以及约束性任务的多目标考核。在此基础上,中国地方官员的政绩竞争呈现出“直通赛”“锦标赛”“资格赛”“淘汰赛”并存的多元政绩竞赛格局。对“多元政绩竞赛”分析框架的“小切口”建构,有助于为进一步认识“地方官员行为与国家治理逻辑”的“大问题”提供新的进路及可能。

As socialism with Chinese characteristics enters to new era,the selection criteria and the behavior logic of local cadres have also undergone profound changes.Based on the perspective of attention allocation,starting from the two dimensions of “constraining conditions for creating political achievements”and “rational choices for creating political achievements”,we can gain a deeper understanding of the essence of political achievements competition among Chinese local cadres is the competition for the attention allocation and the achievements of different administrative tasks under the premise of limited attention.Examining the experience of Chinese local cadres in multi-task competition and constructing typology,it can be found that local cadres are faced with multi-objective assessment of Campaign Tasks,Competitive Tasks,Daily Tasks,and Restrictive Tasks.On this basis,the promotion competition for Chinese local cadres presents pluralistic promotion competitions that coexist with “through competitions”,“tournaments”,“qualification competitions”and “knockout competitions”.The “small incision”observation based on the pluralistic political achievements competition provides a new approach and possibility for a deeper understanding of the “big problem”of the relationship of officials behavior and the institutional logic of Chinese state governance.