垂直对称四叶片风力机气动特性仿真研究

SIMULATION STUDY ON AERODYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF VERTICALLY SYMMETRIC FOUR-BLADE WIND TURBINE

采用CFD计算软件对垂直轴风力机气动性能进行计算。首先,使用ICEM软件对模型进行前处理,通过Fluent软件进行数值模拟,分析不同计算时间步长和湍流模型对风力机气动特性仿真结果的影响,确定符合该研究模型的计算方法。随后,对顺流垂旋型垂直轴风力机在不同叶尖速比下进行计算,发现该风力机在叶尖速比为0.42时获得最大功率系数。然后,计算分析不同来流风速对该风力机性能的影响,结果表明,顺流垂旋型垂直轴风力机的平均转矩随来流风速的增大而增大,平均转矩系数和功率系数与来流风速无关。最后,针对转子在不同公转角下开展研究,并将其性能与增强型垂直轴风力机进行对比,得出,当近公转角为40°、远公转角为50°时,风力机的平均转矩系数大,由此推导出该风力机叶片的变桨规律,并分析在此变桨规律下风力机的自启动性能。

The aerodynamic performance of vertical axis wind turbine is calculated by CFD software.Firstly,ICEM software is used to preprocess the model,and fluent software is used for numerical simulation to analyze the influence of different calculation time step and turbulence model on the aerodynamic characteristics simulation results of wind turbine,and the calculation method conforming to the research model is determined.Then,it is found that the maximum power factor is obtained when the tip speed ratio is 0.42.In addition,the influence of different incoming wind speeds on the performance of the wind turbine is calculated and analyzed.The results show that the average torque of the windward rotation vertical axis wind turbine increases with the increase of the incoming wind speed,and the average torque coefficient and power coefficient have nothing to do with the incoming wind speed.Finally,the performance of the rotor is compared with that of the enhanced vertical axis wind turbine under different common angles.It is concluded that when the nearrevolution Angle is 40°and the far-revolution Angle is 50°the wind turbine has the highest average torque coefficient.From this,the pitch law of the wind turbine blade is deduced,and the self-starting performance of the wind turbine under this pitch law is analyzed.