阿尔茨海默病老年人篇章语用障碍指标构建及测定问题

The construction and measurement of discourse-pragmatic impairment index of patients with dementia of the Alzheimer’s type

篇章语用障碍是罹患阿尔茨海默病(DAT)老年人语言功能受损的表现之一。本文采用元分析的研究方法,从53篇DAT患者篇章语用障碍研究中提取238个指标,依据指标定义将其归并重组。根据测量内容,重组后的23个类别指标可归纳为对语篇衔接性、连贯性和简洁性三个维度的考察。本文依据指标出现频次,初步对各个指标赋予权重。同时,对相关研究的差异性进行了进一步分析,发现指标差异、被试差异和语言任务差异是三个主要影响因素。面对严峻的人口老龄化形势,我国应加强汉语为母语的健康及罹患阿尔茨海默病老年人的语言衰老研究,构建篇章语用层面的语言能力常模,为神经退行性疾病的诊断提供参照标准。

Discourse-pragmatic impairment is one of the significant language disorders in patients with Dementia of the Alzheimer’s Type(DAT).In this study,meta-analysis is adopted to extract 238 indicators from 53 papers on DAT patients’connected speech.According to the definitions,the indicators are reorganized into 23 indicators,which can be summarized into three dimensions:cohesion,coherence,and conciseness.Weight is initially assigned to each indicator based on the frequency of these indicators.Furthermore,the differences in indexes,subjects,and language tasks are found to be the three main influential factors for the conclusion heterogeneity of the previous studies.Facing the difficult situation of population aging,China should further explore the language impairment of Chinese-speaking healthy elders and DAT patients,and construct the norm of language ability at the discourse-pragmatic level,providing the reference for diagnosing neurodegenerative diseases.