论“优先”:会话分析视角下的交际结构探析

On preference:A conversation-analytic perspective on the interactional structure

优先是会话分析研究的核心议题之一,指某种可观察的隐性交际结构和若干规律性特征。本研究回顾优先研究的起源和发展,结合最新研究发现,重新审视优先的要义及其反映的交际结构特征。本研究指出,优先是与一系列概念和会话规律紧密相关的连续统,优先组织所反映的交际机制在会话常规中具有复杂性和跨语言、跨文化差异。此外,优先研究可结合质性和量化方法,进一步探索和验证会话常规的更多特性。

As one of the key subjects of Conversation Analysis,preference mainly refers to an observable,often implicit interactional structure and a set of regularities.Informed by a review of the origin,development,and latest findings of preference studies,the current study re-examines the core concepts and organizational features of preference.It is proposed that preference constitutes a continuum involving a series of concepts and conversational regularities.Moreover,preference organization is underpinned by a certain interactional mechanism characterized by complexities and cross-lingual,cross-cultural divergences.A combination of qualitative and quantitative methodologies in preference studies is thereby needed to explore and verify multiple properties of conversational practices.