英语电话会话的体裁特征分析

The generic feature analysis of English telephone conversation

本研究运用“体裁结构潜势”理论,采用数据驱动的方法,对40篇选自互联网电话会话进行体裁分析。结果表明:1)英语电话会话作为一种有步骤、有目的的双边口语交际活动,体裁结构清晰,共有13个成分,包括6个必要成分和7个可选成分;2)其交际功能明确,开端部分具有寒暄功能,本体具有交流功能,结束具有认可功能;3)其语言手段稳定,即陈述视角从第一人称转为第三人称,词汇以简短动词、动词短语和有强烈情感色彩的形容词为主,句法以简单句、省略句、疑问句居多等。本研究不仅揭示了完整的电话会话结构流程,还发现了功能图式和多样的语言表达资源,为教师培养学生英语在线交流能力提供新的思路。

This study,based on the theory of“generic structure potential”,has conducted a genre analysis of 40 telephone conversations selected from Internet by adopting data-driven method.The results show that:1)English telephone conversation,as a staged,purposeful bilateral communicative social activity,has a distinct generic structure with altogether 13 elements,including 6 obligatory and 7 optional elements;2)its communicative functions are definite,with the opening possessing function of greetings,the body function of exchange,and the closure function of approval;and 3)its linguistic devices are stable in that statement perspective is shifted from the first person to the third person,lexically,short verbs,verb phrases and adjectives with strong emotional color are most often used,and syntactically,simple,elliptical and question sentences are commonly found,etc.The study has not only revealed a complete structure flow,function scheme and rich resources of linguistic devices of English telephone conversation,but also provided teachers with new ideas for cultivating students’English online communicative competence.