新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下输入性疟疾临床分析

Clinical analysis of imported malaria during COVID-19 pandemic

目的调查外出非洲务工返沪人员的输入性疟疾病例,为疟疾防控措施提供科学依据。方法对2020年新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情下,上海交通大学医学院附属松江医院感染科确诊的4例输入性疟疾患者临床特征进行回顾性分析。结果4例患者均为男性,年龄33~64岁,均为非洲务工人员;临床表现有发热3例,头痛1例;血涂片镜检均找到疟原虫,其中3例恶性疟,1例卵形疟,PCR检测疟原虫DNA均阳性;予以抗疟治疗后症状均好转,复查血涂片阴性。结论在COVID-19疫情期间,临床医生除严格防控COVID-19外,还应重视对疟疾疫区尤其是非洲返回的发热患者进行输入性疟疾筛查,及时行血涂片检测,早诊早治,对改善个人预后和本地防控均有重要意义。

Objective To provide scientific basis for malaria control measures by investigating imported malaria cases of migrant workers from Africa and returning to Shanghai.Methods The clinical characteristics of 4 case of imported malaria patients diagnosed in Department of Infection,Songjiang Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University in 2020 during corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the4 patients were male,aged 33-64 years old,and all were African workers.The clinical manifestations were fever in 3 cases and headache in 1 case.Plasmodium was found by microscopic examination of blood smear,including 3 cases of falciparum and 1 case of ovale malaria.The DNA of Plasmodium was positive by PCR.After the treatment,the symptoms were all improved,and the blood smear was negative.Conclusion During the COVID-19 outbreak,in addition to strict prevention and control of COVID-19,clinicians should also pay attention to imported malaria screening,timely blood smear testing and early diagnosis and treatment for returning fever patients from malaria epidemic areas,especially Africa,which was of great significance for improving individual prognosis and local prevention and control.