基于GIS的东川区生态环境敏感性分析

Sensitivity analysis of ecological environment in Dongchuan district based on GIS

利用地理信息系统技术与层次分析法对东川区生态环境进行敏感性分析,本文共选取5个评价指标,首先对其进行单因子评价;然后基于GIS空间分析功能,将东川区综合生态敏感性分为5个等级;最后构建东川区综合生态环境敏感性分布图。研究结果显示:(1)5个生态评价因子中,坡度因子对东川区生态环境敏感性影响最大,权重值为0.36。根据对生态敏感性影响程度从大到小排序为:坡度、高程、土地利用、NDVI和水域缓冲区。(2)东川区生态环境敏感性总体偏高,极高敏感区与高敏感区共占区域总面积的44.17%;中敏感区占比最高,为26.1%;低敏感区和极低敏感区两者占比之和为29.73%。(3)东川区生态环境极高敏感区和高敏感区主要分布在西北部;极低敏感区和低敏感区主要分布在东北部及中部河谷地区。

The sensitivity of ecological environment in Dongchuan district is analyzed by using GIS technology and analytic hierarchy process(AHP).Five evaluation indexes are selected in this study.Firstly,the single factor evaluation is carried out,and then the comprehensive ecological sensitivity of Dongchuan district is divided into five grades based on GIS spatial analysis function.Finally,the comprehensive ecological sensitivity distribution map of Dongchuan district is constructed.The results show that:(1)Among the five ecological evaluation factors,the slope factor has the greatest impact on the eco-environmental sensitivity of Dongchuan district,with the weight value of 0.36.According to the degree of impact on ecological sensitivity,the order is that it is:slope,elevation,land use,NDVI and water buffer zone.(2)The eco-environmental sensitivity of Dongchuan district is on the high side,and the extremely sensitive area and the highly sensitive area account for 44.17%of the total area,the medium sensitive area account for 26.1%of the total area,and the sum of the low sensitive area and the extremely low sensitive area account for 29.73%.(3)In Dongchuan district,the most sensitive and highly sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the northwest,while the most low sensitive and low sensitive areas are mainly distributed in the northeast and the central valley.