北京市生态保护红线内地表覆盖变化聚集性研究

Study on the clustering of surface cover changes within the red line of Beijing’s ecological protection

本文利用北京市2015、2017及2019年三期地理国情普查及监测数据,分析了北京市生态保护红线内地表覆盖空间变化特征,并在全局及局部Moran’s I空间自相关分析的基础上,从空间上对生态保护红线内生态修复显著、生态破坏显著区域进行识别。研究结果表明,2015—2019年,生态保护红线内的生态用地整体处于流出状态,且各类变化斑块间存在明显的空间自相关效应,15个区域为人类活动密集区,其中雾灵山及周边山区、松山及玉渡山保护区、南海子公园、密云水库、怀沙怀九河、泃河平谷段(西南段)等6个地区为生态破坏显著区域,建议对其加大监管力度;生态修复显著区域为京密引水渠密云段,其他8个区域均为人为破坏及修复活动共存区域。本文为严守生态保护红线,加快建设美丽北京及生态文明建设提供决策依据,同时也适用于全国其他地区生态保护红线内地表覆盖变化的监测。

This study uses Beijing’s 2015,2017,and 2019 three phases of the geographic national survey and monitoring data to analyze the spatial change characteristics of the land surface cover within the red line of Beijing’s ecological protection,and on the basis of the global and local Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation analysis,spatially identify areas with significant ecological restoration and significant ecological damage within the red line of ecological protection.Studies results have shown that the ecological land within the ecological protection red line from 2015 to 2019 is in an outflow state as a whole,and various change patches have obvious spatial autocorrelation effects.15 areas are densely human activities,including Wuling Mountain and surrounding mountains,Songshan and Yudu Mountain Reserve,Nanhaizi Park,Miyun Reservoir,HuaishaHuaijiu River,and Pinggu Section(southwest section)of the Yanghe River are areas with significant ecological damage.It is recommended that the above areas be increased supervision;areas with significant ecological restoration are in the Miyun section of the Jingmi Water Diversion Canal,the other 8 areas all coexist with man-made destruction and repair activities.The research provides a decision-making basis for strictly observing the red line of ecological protection,accelerating the construction of beautiful Beijing and the construction of ecological civilization.The research method is also applicable to the monitoring of changes in surface cover within the red line of ecological protection in other regions of the country.